Post your job for free. Get quotes. Read reviews.
Post your job for free. Read reviews, get quotes, and see tips on hiring the right person.
How does it work?There are 441 Waste Removal specialists in Bromley, and last month we helped homeowners get quotes for their home improvement jobs.
Take a look at our Waste Removal specialists profiles, read reviews and request quotes directly.
LITA CONTRACTORS LTD We are a family owned construction company with over 10 years of successful commercial and residential building projects. Based in London, we help clients with all kinds of construction needs, with existing plans or brand-new designs and solutions. Some of our services include: - Ground work - Drainage - Basements - First Fix & Second Fix - Kitchen & Bathroom Fit Out - RC Frame & Steel Frame We are specialised in delivering reliable and best quality services that will last a generation.
Latest homeowner review
We are a family run business. Specialising in various types of Gardening/landscaping/tree / property maintenance services/roofing/decking and fencing/lawn care/garden design/pressure washing/patios,driveways. And much more please contact us for more in depth information and advice or for a no obligation quotation.
Latest homeowner review
Trimmed the tree branches, left the garden tidy , fair price , good communication
All-in-One Property Solutions, Trusted by Homeowners & Landlords Across London PFC Property Maintenance LTD is a reliable, family-run business with 10+ years of experience delivering expert property maintenance, repairs, and installations across London. All work is carried out by fully trained, insured, and vetted professionals with a strong focus on quality, reliability, and customer satisfaction. WHY CHOOSE US? > No job too small or too big > Tailored quotes designed to meet your exact needs > Free advice & well-organized, no-obligation estimates > Family-run, trusted local business > Fully equipped vehicles & expert contractors > One-stop shop for all residential property needs across London OUR SERVICES INCLUDE: - Handyman Services - Electrical Work - Plumbing - Building & Renovations - Removals/ Man & Van - Painting & Decorating - Gardening - Cleaning … and much more—just ask! FIND US ON: Google | Checkatrade | Bark | MyBuilder Proudly serving London and surrounding areas
Latest homeowner review
Quick to respond to advert on Rated People. Answered questions on where they were located and asked me for a video of job, which was sent. However, I needed the job to be done asap and Patrick has broken his ankle so I went with another gardening service. Patrick did call to explain what had happened and offered a discount on any other work. Very genuine worker.
???? Move with Confidence! Introducing AMckenna removals???? Are you gearing up for a move? Let us take the stress off your shoulders! at Amckenna removals, we specialise in seamless and efficient moving solutions tailored to your needs. Whether you're relocating your home or office, across town or across the country, we've got you covered. Why Choose Us? Professional Expertise: Our team comprises seasoned movers who handle your belongings with care and expertise. From delicate items to heavy furniture, we ensure everything arrives at your new destination safely. Customized Services: We understand that every move is unique. That's why we offer customizable solutions to fit your specific requirements and budget. Whether you need full-service packing or just transportation, we have options for you. Reliability You Can Trust: With years of experience in the industry, we've built a reputation for reliability and trustworthiness. Count on us to arrive on time, handle your belongings with care, and deliver as promised. Competitive Pricing: Moving doesn't have to break the bank. We offer competitive pricing without compromising on quality. Get a free quote today and see how affordable a stress-free move can be. Excellent Customer Service: From your initial inquiry to the final delivery, our dedicated team is here to assist you every step of the way. Have questions or concerns? We're just a phone call away, ready to provide the support you need. Our Services Include: Residential Moves Office Moves Long distance moves Packing and Unpacking Services Furniture Assembly and Disassembly Storage Solutions In addition to our moving services, we also offer: Waste Clearance: Let us handle the mess! Whether it's after a move or a renovation project, we'll clear away unwanted items and debris, leaving your space clean and clutter-free. Garden Waste Clearance: Tackling a garden project? We can help! From green waste to old garden furniture, we'll dispose of it responsibly, so you can enjoy your outdoor space without the hassle. Don't let the hassle of moving overwhelm you. Trust the experts at Amckenna removals to handle every aspect of your relocation with professionalism and care. Contact us today to schedule your move and experience the difference! ????????
Latest homeowner review
Turned up on time very polite we asked if he wanted help Andrew declined but the guys helped him anyway definitely use Andrew again
Full property renovations, extensions, loft conversions, outbuildings & more.
Latest homeowner review
Absolutely useless made our life a misery never book these had a bathroom fitted horrible job then when it leak and destroyed my front room ceiling trust when I say don't use them .
We are a family run business specializing in various types of gardening/landscaping/tree/property maintenance services/roofing, lawn care, garden designing, pressure washing, patios, driveways and much more. Please contact us for more in depth information and advice or for a no obligation quotation.
Latest homeowner review
We used Kingz for clearance of a very overgrown garden and new fencing. They did exactly what they said they would do in their quote. They worked hard, left the garden tidy, and took away all the waste. They were very pleasant and Emma, in particular, gave good advice regarding ongoing after care of the garden. We were very happy with the results and would definitely recommend this family team!
We specialise in transforming houses into homes with pride and care . We have been in the business for 5 years and are very passionate when it comes to our work. We love what we do and it results in our work. No job is too big or small for us and we always have a can do attitude. We have not only decorated interior houses but also exterior commercial properties such as restaurants, and offices all across Birmingham and London. We’re grateful to provide our services as this started off with an idea and we brought it to life .
Latest homeowner review
I have been in this business for 10 years. I am a very hard worker at what I do. I love putting a smile on my customers faces by doing a good job for them.
Latest homeowner review
Very happy with service received Attended 1.5 hours after I spoke to him and did the gardens there and then Will definitely use again
Experienced gardener with 4 years in domestic & commercial projects. Serving East Grinstead and surrounding areas within 20 miles. Dedicated to transforming outdoor spaces into beautiful, thriving environments! I'm also a man with a van!
Latest homeowner review
Domestic Rubbish & Waste Clearance • Recycling, • House Clearance, • Office Clearance, • Salvage, • Scrap Cars, • Scrap Metal, • Warehouse Clearance, • Garage & Garden Waste • Single Items to Full Loads Fully Insured Registered Waste Licence Carriers Vetted Members of Checkatrade & Trustatrader.
Latest homeowner review
Came out did the job quickly and efficiently told me what I needed to get would use again and recommend
Welcome to Square Mile Cleaning Limited – Trusted Experts in Professional Cleaning Services At Square Mile Cleaning, we deliver top-tier cleaning solutions for commercial and residential clients across Central London and beyond. Established in 2010, we bring over a decade of experience and a commitment to excellence, ensuring each project meets the highest standards. Cleanliness is crucial for maintaining a productive and inviting environment, whether it’s an office, retail space, or home. Our comprehensive services include regular office cleaning, deep cleans, end of tenancy cleaning, carpet and upholstery cleaning, and specialised services like pest control, jet washing, and ceiling tile cleaning. Each service is designed to keep your space spotless, healthy, and welcoming. Alongside our team of professional cleaners, we collaborate with a vetted network of trusted subcontractors. Each subcontractor undergoes our rigorous due diligence PQQ (Pre-Qualified Questionnaire) vetting process to ensure they meet our strict standards for quality and reliability. This approach, combined with excellent communication, guarantees seamless service and high levels of quality control. Our automated CRM platform manages every detail – from scheduling to tracking progress and processing invoices – providing you with peace of mind. Why Choose Square Mile Cleaning? Expertise and Experience: Since 2010, we have been a trusted name in Central London, known for reliability and attention to detail. Wide Range of Services: From routine cleaning to specialised deep cleans, we offer tailored solutions to meet diverse needs. Flexible Staffing Solutions: With both our employed team and vetted subcontractors, we adapt to each project’s specific requirements. Exceptional Communication and Quality Control: Clear, consistent communication and high standards of quality control are ensured at every stage. Commitment to Sustainability: We use eco-friendly products and sustainable practices wherever possible. Supporting Growth for Cleaning Companies: We help other cleaning companies grow their teams with quality staff training, reliable logistics, and rigorous quality control to maintain the highest standards. Our team is here to help you maintain a pristine, healthy space that leaves a lasting impression. Contact us for a consultation or personalised quote and experience the Square Mile difference. Square Mile Cleaning Limited – Your Partner for a Cleaner Healthier Environment
Latest homeowner review
Totally transparent with pricing, only wanted deposit, fully insured. Cleaners arrive promptly, very professional and polite, a thorough cleaning job, would recommend. Well done.
Alliance building and landscapes Ltd are a family run business here at alliance we make sure all works is completed to customer satisfaction,no job to big or to small,contact us today for a free quote,book once,book right,book alliance
Latest homeowner review
Thanks to Michael and the team for a great job rendering the chimney breast in the attic. Quoted and works completed in less than 48hrs. Not the cheapest of the quotes I received, but went with the positive reviews and wasn't disappointed.
Daniel ltd Team is built on traditional values, which is shared by all of my employees. You will receive the best service and quality in every phase of your project. Making the Ordinary, Extraordinary.
Latest homeowner review
Daniel and team did a superb job in a tight time frame. Excellent work.
Established since 2001, I have delivered a variety of building projects efficiently, economically and stress free to very high standard. My services include Space Planning, Design & Build, Site Management (ACIOB). Project Management, Renovations and Refurbishment of both domestic and commercial properties. I pride my self on my ability to deliver the required project to the specified quality within the agreed duration & budget with a courteous and friendly approach throughout.
Latest homeowner review
Very good, fast efficient and clean, Definitely recommend, Thank you Khal very happy with my new unit.
www.kbaconstruction.online MAKE YOUR HOUSE INTO A HOME TODAY WITH KBA CONSTRUCTION'S We are a building company with many years combined experience. working as Builder in London (UK), we help to make your house a home or property investment you can rely on.
Latest homeowner review
Did a fantastic job and at good price
We do all aspects of building work Roofing, patios, driveway, decking, painting, electrical and more
Latest homeowner review
Reliable, friendly, am really pleased with the work they did. Would definitely recommend.
We have 10 years experience But we are new on this platform We have a different work opportunity We can help you with anything Diferent trades
Latest homeowner review
Great at his job of property repairs and maintenance. Arrived promptly at the time he said he would. Got to work immediately and very impressed with his experience and work ethics. Will definitely hire him again for other outstanding works that I have in hand.
At Summer Gardens landscape and Building contractors,we’re perfectionists who pride ourselves on customer service! Just ask our clients! We offer hard and Soft Landscaping, Gardening, Extensions and Outbuildings, Property Maintenance and lots more! Send us a message to find out how we can help you!
Latest homeowner review
Reliable and super helpful!
We are House Maintenance Company Registered with company house, we do everything the right way, we comply with rules and regulations by the government as well as contracted jobs, any transactions will be with the office, our staff only carry out the jobs thanks. Woman with a Van. our Instagram page sandc_cleaning_services VAT registered Gallery pictures please have a look. We specialise in Oven clean Carpet clean Stairs carpet clean Tiles clean Sofa clean Hard flooring cleaning Stain removal cleaning Bathroom End of tenancy home clean All Essential domestic cleaning Waste Removals House Move Kitchen demolishment Handyman Gardening
Latest homeowner review
Brilliant communication, arrived promptly, lovely friendly service would recommend
Absolute Rubbish is a family-run rubbish collection and clearance service, specialising in handling all your waste removal requirements. We pride ourselves on providing a friendly and reliable service with competitive rates. No job is too big or small, so give us a call today! Absolute Rubbish takes care and pride in the service we provide towards our community. We understand that clearing your home or business of any unwanted items/rubbish can be a nuisance, often with long waiting times for Local Authority collections, and rising costs in self-service tip can add unwanted stress to an already stressful situation.
Latest homeowner review
Great helpful company - timely and did a great job
WELCOME INPROJECT CONSTRUCTION - Building your future, one brick at a time. We have completed numerous projects, from small renovations to large commercial constructions. Our portfolio includes residential and commercial buildings, educational and healthcare facilities, and industrial constructions. Our mission at INPROJECT CONSTRUCTION Ltd is to provide our clients with exceptional construction services that exceed their expectations. We are committed to delivering high-quality workmanship, on-time completion, and cost-effective solutions. What sets us apart is not just our ability to construct buildings but our commitment to building relationships. We believe in honesty, integrity, and transparency in all our dealings with our clients. We value teamwork, professionalism, and continuous learning and improvement. We prioritize transparent communication, ensuring that our clients are informed and involved at every step.
Quebuild London Ltd offers a full building service with every aspect of works covered no matter the scale or scope of works to both residential and commercial buildings.We also provide proactive and reactive maintenance packages with 24/7 one hour service for emergency call outs.We pride ourselves on using only highly skilled and courteous tradesmen with all trades in house so as a company we have full control of our projects. From your initial meeting with one of our knowledgeable estimators who provide fixed price detailed estimates to completion of works overseen by amazing management our clients needs are paramount,this ensures a streamlined service with quality controlled finishes beyond the industry standard. We have full public liability insurance with all risk assessments and method statements in place at all times no matter the size of works for peace of mind for us as a company but more importantly you as our client.
Latest homeowner review
John at Quebuild went above and beyond for us on this job. He completed all the work in a timely manner and for a very reasonable price. He was super knowledgeable and extremely attentive to detail, making sure to leave a high quality finish in terms of decoration - and he came back afterwards to address a few small things that needed doing. He was also a pleasure to have around - and I would highly recommend him for any other work. 10/10.
Hi there, We carry out works from full refurbishments to small maintenance We are customer focused, professional, and friendly. Our works are affordable prices. And you mostly pay when the job is done. Some of our services include: *Painting and decorating *Tilling *Kitchen and bathroom install *Removals *Wood work *Flooring
We provide fast, efficient Handyman, Maintenance and Building services. As an established, professional, safe and reliable property maintenance business, we aim to keep a long-lasting relationship with our local community, and we have satisfied over 99% of our customers. We have been operating for over 4 years with our team of professionals, we assure that all your domestic and office needs are taken care of, with a 12 month workmanship GUARANTEE. We have a variety of tradesmen that are skilled in carpentry, plumbing, electrical installation/repairs, and other handyman tasks. We provide a “One Call Does It All” service, we handle large and small property maintenance requirements such as kitchen and bathroom installations and complete garage storage systems. Our locally employed tradesmen and staff serve both residential and commercial businesses in the local community. We pride ourselves on our quality standard of work at a very competitive price. All work that is undertaken, small or large jobs, there is no job too small. With our highly experienced and trustworthy multi skilled team we are 100% confident that our friendly and qualified tradesman will do the very best job, on time, every time.
Latest homeowner review
Zamir completed the work quickly and efficiently. He worked hard and uncomplainingly, not least in a very hot garage. He was polite and conscientious.
S & M, Cleaning we are a team of two, My partner & myself I do a lot of the admin I also demonstrate how a cleaning company should operate and work well, to satisfy customers request and needs Monday- Saturday 9-4pm you can get hold of Myself we cover oven cleaning, House removal, Carpet cleaning, end of tenancy house clean an gardening. On a good day we can book you in to complete an do the JOB’S
Latest homeowner review
We are a family business who have been running for well over 50 years. We provide a friendly and helpful service. All quotes are 100% free so any work on your mind give us a call and we will help out.
Latest homeowner review
Small brickwork repointing job - nice guy and came round promptly to check work required and quote and came next day and did a good job and cleaned up afterwards. Looking to use for another job and would recommend to others.
Specialist in block paving tarmacadam of drive ways and patios and also include exterior house hold work finance services offered available
Latest homeowner review
Paddy was friendly and professional, he was able to advise us on the planning/ design, the price was competitive and the builders on site were amazing. Love our new front garden and driveway! Thanks guys for all your hard work.
SKG CONSTRUCTION LTD is a family run company with over 20 years of experience in creating high quality loft conversion, Extensions, complete home renovations. We offer a full package from conception through to completion. Our services range from providing you with your architectural drawings, involving buildings regulations and obtaining the necessary planning permissions through to allocating you a construction team and issuing a full guarantee for the completed project. Our loft conversion, Extension architects offer cutting edge design solution and will work closely with you to maximise the space without compromising on quality. They will guide you through the whole process. Catalin will ensure smooth running of the project, being on hand every step of the way making sure projects is delivered on time and most importantly on budget. We’ve perfected the loft conversion, extensions over the years to keep it as simple as possible from start to finish, making sure your aware every step of the way. We offer a 10 years insurance backed guarantee on all major works carries out by SKG CONSTRUCTION LTD all work is fully insured comes with a 10 years workmanship warranty. we carry out all types of building works Loft, Extensions, home renovations, tiling, flooring, plumbing, painting, rendering, brickworks, plastering, carpentry, roofing, steel structural works
Latest homeowner review
"Our extensive experience in construction ranges from simple bathroom renovations to large home extensions, loft conversions, and new builds. We collaborate with architects and structural engineers who can visit your home, take measurements, and quickly turn your vision into reality. Whether you already have designs but need pricing, or require budget-friendly solutions, we offer online quotes. Share your plans or ideas, and we'll provide guidance. Perhaps you're just starting with an idea for interior renovation, kitchen extension, loft conversion, or creating designs with architects, builders, or investing in real estate to increase property value – we welcome any inquiry. Feel free to contact us!"
Family running business based in Gravesend. Our priority is excelent service and satisfide customer. Top quality work is our trademark. Specialised in all type of build work with very expirienced team. Plenty of references form our previous satisfied clients. In need of top quality builders? call for more informations.
Latest homeowner review
An excellent service, completed on time. Would recommend
Latest homeowner review
Jack was great , fencing replacment , excellent communication and great work . Will be using him again . Thanks Jack very much - David , Hastings
At JSILVA LOGISTICS We specialise in: -Removals -Clearances/waste -Point A to B deliveries -Storage facilities -Garden Maintenance -Groundworks -Landscaping - Demolition -Handyman services
Latest homeowner review
Top guys, super fast, very professional. They've been accommodating and kind. They've always had a smile on their face. I strongly recommend them, both for moving and removals. Thanks again for a good service.
H&D work with homes, businesses and organisations across London to provide cleaning and Removal services. We offer a variety of different type of cleans including deep cleans, end of tenancy cleans and weekly cleans which are to a very high standard. We also offer a variety of removal services which include waste disposals, clearances.
Latest homeowner review
WASTE REMOVAL GUYS LTD Fully lisenced Lets move to Recycle General Waste Furniture Removal Appliances Removal Garden Waste Commercial Waste Clearance • Domestic Waste Clearance • Commercial Strip Outs • Domestic Strip Outs • Building Waste • Office Clearance • Furniture Disposal • Garage Clearance • House Clearance • Bulky Item Disposal • Loft Clearance • Garden Clearance •
Latest homeowner review
Agreed a price and before doing the job already trying to renegotiate the price up another £50. Turned up 30mins late. Then tried to say the load was more than picture and video. In fact was less as emptied bags into garden waste bin. Tried to renegotiate the price up £50 again, already had half a load in their van. Finally filled their van up. Left a load of rubbish in the front garden including glass that they smashed up and tried to hide. Just had to pick it up as have a dog and young children. Licence??
hi and welcome to my profile: we provide the next service's: - removels ( pack and unpack) - delivery nationwide in uk - auction collection - delivery of white goods and installation - office clearance
Latest homeowner review
Excellent service, highly recommended
House removals and furniture clearance quickly and effectively.
Latest homeowner review
Mark showed up on time. He was very polite and very efficient in moving my furniture. I would highly recommend him.
CJH Contractors are fully insured House Clearance specialist with an Environmental Agency waste carriers license, we operate 24/7 within London and the Home Counties, We are an honest, reliable, discernibly punctual with our customers’ needs being the main priority. We offer a number of services: House Clearance Removals Garden Clearance Commercial Clearance We offer a complete service of clearance and redecorating
Latest homeowner review
Spot on, turned up on time and did exactly what we needed.
I have been working in the waste management industry now for over 26 years. I started working at a landfill/ quarry that’s where I learnt how to drive machinery .I have worked for subcontractor for Essex and Hartford Council , then I worked for one of the largest waste management companies , before I went on my own , I have lots of knowledge about how recycling works and this helps me pass on to my customers . We are very friendly and reliable and honest I will always give a fair price
Latest homeowner review
887 Clearance, led by Shawn, specializes in a wide range of cleaning and clearance services to help you maintain a clutter-free, organized space. Whether it’s residential, commercial, or construction sites, we take care of it all—offering services such as garden cleaning, debris removal, site cleaning, and general clearance jobs. I am dedicated to delivering efficient, professional, and reliable services, ensuring your spaces are clear and ready for whatever comes next. At 887 Clearance, no job is too big or too small—I am here to provide thorough and hassle-free solutions tailored to your needs.
Latest homeowner review
Shawn and his team did a fantastic job. They were punctual and efficient and got the job done well. Great guys, would definitely use them again.
We’re a fully licensed and insured waste disposal team offering fast, clean, and affordable rubbish clearance. Whether it’s household junk, builder’s waste, garden cuttings, or bulky items – we clear it all.
Latest homeowner review
Dinesh & team were very professional from start to finish. Great communication, competitive pricing, friendly & accommodating. Highly recommend & hope to use again !
We are a team of specialists in painting and decorating and feel very passionate about what we do. we always try to do thing to the highest standards possible. We specialise in house painting ( internal and external )
Latest homeowner review
Fast, efficient, clean & friendly service.
Your mind is a garden, your thoughts are the seeds. You can grow flowers or you can grow weeds!!!
Latest homeowner review
Really pleased with the service George provided. He was helpful, knowledgeable, professional and all for a fair and reasonable price. Will be recommending him for sure.
We are a reliable waste collection company operating across the southern region of the M25. Specialising in domestic waste clearances and emergency collections, we offer a fast and efficient same-day service to meet urgent needs. With our own dedicated fleet of vehicles, we ensure a responsive and dependable service every time. Whether it’s a one-off clearance or a last-minute call-out, we’re committed to keeping your spaces clean, clear, and hassle-free.
Latest homeowner review
The guy who came and collected the stuff was so professional and correct. Definitely call him again
Rubbish Master Ltd ?????? Waste Management company established since 2022. Fully licensed and insured. Available for all your rubbish/waste needs, including rubbish clearances, office clearances, garden waste, general waste ect???? Same day service available or you can book in advance. No job too big, no job too small ???? Get in touch for a quote and get rid of your waste/rubbish today ??????????
Latest homeowner review
Brilliant service, would highly recommend
I have over 5 years off experience in Man and Van services and flat pack furniture assembly and small jobs around the house are also jobs which I'm willing to undertake apart my main Man and Van. My main target is and it's always going to be, to give a excellent customer service and make sure my customers are fully satisfied with my work.
Latest homeowner review
On time and both packing and unpacking done efficiently and professionally.
Latest homeowner review
Swift response, great communication, very happy, would use again
I am the proprietor of riverside property services. we are a family run business since 1973.We specialise in all types of specialist removal,building works and all types of roofing works undertaken Licences to take and carry all types of rubbish from household to bi hazard and asbestos. We specialise in all types of demolition works private and commercial. We are a reliable company with offices based in Surrey and covering all areas. No obligation free quotation for all works. Fully insured tradesmen
Latest homeowner review
Excellent communication, competitive quote. Steven arrived on time, was courteous and professional. He removed a garage and asbestos roof. Work was completed and cleared. Excellent service. Thank you Steven.
Hello... My name is Arkadiusz and I'm handyman with 20 years of experience on that area. I got experience with many different kind of jobs like: basic plumbing, carpentry, electrical, flat pack assembly, hanging tv, shelves, curtain poles, blinds ect, lock fitting, snagging, painting decorating . Also deep cleaning, rubbish disposal, some Demolition jobs. Free quotes... Price to discuss
Latest homeowner review
Thank you for your reply
2nd Chances Ltd is a one-stop shop for your waste management needs in London. We handle all your waste disposal needs promptly and efficiently. Our team offers rubbish removal services for residential and commercial properties, and no job is too big or small for us. Junk Removal Services for Various Industries Since 2014, we have helped property owners address their junk and clutter issues. In particular, we have worked closely with the leading property management companies in the UK. Our junk removal team makes the process of rubbish removal easier. We conduct clearance work inside and outside of your property so you can focus on oth other important matters in your home or business. Update: We will now be providing Man and Van services including: collections, deliveries and small house or office moves. This service will run alongside our long-standing house clearance and waste disposal services which have been running since 2014. To provide this service we have added to the fleet, a 3.5 tonne luton van with a tail lift which is a euro 6 vehicle, meeting London’s ulez emission standards. This vehicle will be allocated for light haulage jobs only. For obvious reasons we do not use the same vehicles for our diffrent types of contracts.
Latest homeowner review
Efficient and competitive price.
Create a job - it's free
We'll connect you with the right tradespeople, from over 30 different trades.
Get quotes
Up to 3 tradespeople can provide a quote, but on average you'll get 1-2.
Check ratings
Look at each tradesperson's profile to see their ratings and reviews.
Pick a tradesperson
Use our homeowner checklist for extra tips on choosing a tradesperson.
Job done
Leave a rating for your tradesperson based on quality, reliablity and value.